Trimethyl Chitosan

Catalog	ACM52349265-3
CAS	52349-26-5
Description	Degree of Quaternization / Substitution: ≥80%
Solubility	Soluble in water
Appearance	Off-White to light yellow powder, Free flowing Powder
Application	Biocompatible, antibacterial and environmentally friendly polyelectrolyte with a variety of applications including water treatment, chromatography, additives for cosmetics, textile treatment for antimicrobial activity, novel fibers for textiles, photographic papers, biodegradable films, biomedical devices, and microcapsule implants for controlled release in drug delivery.
Storage	<25°C, cool dry environment, well-sealed; Shelf Life: 36 months
Form	Powder
Moisture Content	≤ 10%
Packaging	100g, 250g
Particle Size	≥90% pass 60 mesh
pH	4.0 - 6.0
Ignition Residue	≤1.0%
Viscosity	10-20 cps~ Low Molecular Weight

Case Study

Trimethyl Chitosan Represents a New Approach in Vaccine Delivery Adjuvant Technology

Malik, Anshu, et al. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2018, 7959-7970.

The natural polysaccharide-based polymer Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) displays significant potential as an immunization adjuvant for mucosal delivery and diverse additional uses. This substance possesses numerous beneficial properties including non-toxicity and biodegradability as well as excellent biocompatibility and strong immune response enhancement together with low reactogenicity.
· Mechanism of Action of TMC as an Adjuvant
The exact way TMC functions as an adjuvant remains unknown but researchers believe it likely interacts with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the same manner as chitin to initiate an innate immune response. The maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) through chitosan stimulation generates type I interferons which drive an antigen-specific Th1 response and raise IgG2c levels according to Carroll's research.
· Factors Influencing the Adjuvant Properties of TMC
TMC's adjuvant properties are heavily influenced by intrinsic factors such as its structure along with its deacetylation degree (DAc), methylation level and molecular weight (MW). The optimal TMC formulation as an adjuvant can only be determined after conducting multiple permutations to explore these factors. The way TMC is administered and its specific form-either as a mixture, antigen-conjugated or encapsulated in nanoparticles-serve as essential elements to boost immune response effectiveness.

Vancomycin-Loaded Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Xu, Jiaojiao, et al. Polymers, 2015, 7(9), 1850-1870.

Researchers successfully created vancomycin-loaded N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles that exhibited an average particle size of 220 nm and achieved a loading efficiency of 73.65% ± 1.83%. Within 24 hours 6.51% ± 0.58% of the drug was released from the optimized nanoparticles according to the study. The VCM/TMC nanoparticles showed excellent antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.
· Preparation of VCM/TMC nanoparticles
TMC and VCM-loaded TMC nanoparticles were synthesized via ionic complexation. A 1 mg/mL TPP solution, acting as a crosslinker, was added dropwise (6 mL/h) to a 1 mg/mL TMC solution (Hepes pH 7.4) under 200 rpm stirring, achieving a TMC:TPP ratio of 10:1.8. The resulting opalescent suspension was stirred for 1.5 hours, then centrifuged (12,000 g, 10 min) and resuspended in water. VCM-loaded nanoparticles were prepared identically, with 1 mg VCM co-dissolved in the TMC solution. Nanoparticle powders were obtained by freeze-drying.
· Antibacterial properties of VCM/TMC nanoparticles
In vitro studies revealed that TMC nanoparticles enhanced osteoblast (OB) alkaline phosphatase activity and quantum dot uptake. Both TMC and VCM-loaded TMC nanoparticles improved OB proliferation. The nanoparticles demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 60 μg/mL together with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 48.47 μg/mL and a diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of 1.050 cm while showing effectiveness in turbidimetric evaluations. The obtained results demonstrate VCM-loaded TMC nanoparticles show potential as a sustained antibiotic delivery system for bone infections.