Linen/Flax yarn

Catalog	ACMA00031153
Description	70% is composed of cellulose, it cannot provoke allergies, absorbs humidity and allows the skin to breathe: therefore it is very indicated in the manufacture of summer articles. Very resistant, above all if wetted it can be washed many times without alteration, rather it becomes softer, something very important for articles of clothing and for daily use which require frequent washing such as shirts. Having very low elasticity, linen cloths do not deform themselves.
Application	Industrial, livestock feed, human food
Notes	in wet spun (bleached or raw) and half wet spun; in Nm 75/1 up to Nm 0.2/1; (semi-)bleached and blends with PA & cotton possible
Tensile Strength	5.5 - 6.5 grams / denier
Thermal Resist	withstands up to 250°C

Case Study

Effect of Fiber Type on Flax Fiber Reinforced Composites

Omrani F, et al. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2017, 93, 72-81.

This work analyzed the effect of different flax fiber types (with the same linear density but different twist) on the multiscale mechanical properties of yarns, fabrics and composites based on flax fibers. The results show that the tensile curves of different scales seem to show the same trend in the yarn, fabric and final composite parts after weaving. The optimal twist level can enhance the intrinsic robustness of the yarn and facilitate the weaving process, but higher twist levels may increase the internal stress of the yarn.
Sample preparation
· Three different yarns were used in the study: (1) Yarn 1 (Y1), is a low-twist yarn, which mainly has long open-combed staple fibers, (2) Yarn 2 (Y2), is a tow flax yarn, which contains shorter flax fibers and is obtained by a dry spinning process, and (3) Yarn 3 (Y3), is a roving, where the fibers are collected into parallel strips with low twist.
· Quasi-UD fabrics denoted as UD1, UD2, and UD3 are manufactured by weaving Y1, Y2, and Y3 yarns, respectively, using identical weaving parameters. The tested fabrics exhibit a preference for the weft direction, with a twill 2/2 weave pattern. In the warp direction, the same bleached flax yarn was employed to facilitate the connection between weft yarns, resulting in a low tensile stiffness. No additional treatments were applied to the fabric samples, which were conditioned at a temperature of 20°C and relative humidity of 62% for a minimum of 48 hours.

Synthesis of Superabsorbent Resin Based on Recycled Flax Yarn and Its Sustained Release Behavior of Urea

Zhang Y, et al. Carbohydrate polymers, 2013, 91(1), 277-283.

An environmentally friendly superabsorbent composite material was developed using flax yarn waste (FYW) as raw material. The FYW-grafted poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (PAA) composite achieved the best water absorption rate of 875 g/g, 490 g/g, and 90 g/g in distilled water, rainwater, and 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. In addition, the FYW/PAA also exhibited excellent urea loading and sustained release behavior.
Pretreatment and grafting of flax yarn
· The flax yarn waste was pretreated by cutting it into 5-10 mm fragments, washing, drying, and treating with NaOH, Na2SiO3, and Na5P3O10. The treated material, PFYW, was obtained by neutralizing with H2SO4, washing, and drying.
· In the grafting process, 1 g of PFYW was added to a NaOH/urea solution, cooled, stirred, and transferred to a flask. Oxygen-free nitrogen gas was bubbled in before adding the monomer, acrylic acid + acrylamide (AA+AM, 3:1), along with N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and distilled water. The reaction mixture was heated at a certain temperature for a specific time for polymerization. The resulting gel was washed, dehydrated with ethanol, extracted with acetone, dried, and milled to obtain particles.