Chitosan Oligosaccharide (Crusteacean)

Catalog	ACM9012764-46
CAS	9012-76-4
Description	Medium High DDA% – Very Low Mw
Molecular Weight	<3 kDa
Molecular Formula	(C6H11NO4)n
Appearance	Light yellow powder, free flowing powder, odorless
Application	Biocompatible, antibacterial and environmentally friendly polyelectrolyte with a variety of applications including water treatment, chromatography, additives for cosmetics, textile treatment for antimicrobial activity, novel fibers for textiles, photographic papers, biodegradable films, biomedical devices, and microcapsule implants for controlled release in drug delivery.
Storage	<25°C, cool dry environment, well-sealed
Bulk Density	≥0.25 g/mL
Feature	Degree of Deacetylation (DDA) – 86.5%
Form	Powder
Moisture Content	0.0832
Packaging	100g, 250g
Type	Crustacean Source

Case Study

The Bioactivity of Chitosan Oligosaccharides and Their Potential Therapeutic Uses

Muanprasat, Chatchai, et al. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2017, 170, 80-97.

· Biological Activities of Chitosan Oligosaccharides
The intestinal lining quickly absorbs chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) which then travel mainly to the liver, spleen and kidneys. Chitosan oligosaccharides get broken down by lysozymes present in plasma and bodily fluids from the liver and kidneys before being mainly excreted through urine. Extensive research conducted both in vitro and in vivo has shown that COS demonstrate multiple biological activities that hold potential therapeutic value against immune dysfunction and diseases related to metabolism, infections, and degenerative processes. The molecular weight (MW) and degree of deacetylation (DD) of COS determine its biological effects. Lower molecular weight levels lead to decreased antibacterial effects but improve anticancer properties along with anti-adipogenic, anti-ACE, anti-AChE, and antioxidant effects.
· Mechanisms of Action of COS
COS functions through key mechanisms that activate AMPK and inhibit inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK. These mechanisms are central to the various effects of COS, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-diabetic actions. COS slows cancer development across various stages by altering multiple signaling pathways which include NF-κB, AMPK, mTOR, caspase-3, CD147, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and uPA. COS targets various proteins and pathways across multiple organs to produce anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects through multiple mechanisms including the inhibition of digestive enzymes that regulate fat and glucose uptake as well as the suppression of PPAR-γ and activation of glucokinase alongside the inhibition of PEPCK specifically in liver cells.

Chitosan Oligosaccharide-Based Nanocomposites for Wound Healing

Sandri, Giuseppina, et al. Acta biomaterialia, 2017, 57, 216-224.

Researchers developed a halloysite (HNT) and chitosan oligosaccharides nanocomposite (NC) as a filler powder to help heal chronic wounds.
· Performance of HNT/chitosan oligosaccharide NCs
The HTN/chitosan oligosaccharide nanocomposites demonstrated excellent in vitro biocompatibility with normal human dermal fibroblasts at concentrations up to 300 μg/ml while boosting fibroblast motility and promoting both proliferation and migration in vitro. Experimental results in murine (rat) models showed that HTN/chitosan oligosaccharides can achieve better skin epithelialization and remodeling compared with HNT or chitosan oligosaccharides alone.
· Preparation of HNT/chitosan oligosaccharide NCs
HTN/chitosan oligosaccharide nanocomposites resulted from direct solid-liquid interaction synthesis processes. From 0.1 g to 2 g of clay mineral powder was combined with 10 ml of 1% w/w aqueous chitosan oligosaccharide solution. The mixtures underwent a 24-hour agitation process at 150 rpm inside a water bath maintained at room temperature. After being subjected to centrifugation at 22,000 rpm for 30 minutes the solid elements were stored at -20°C for a full day before undergoing 24 hours of freeze-drying.